Joseph A. Schwartz, PhD, is an Associate Professor in the College of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Florida State University. His primary research interests are focused on the interplay between biological and environmental influences in the development of behaviour and health across major stages of the life course. His current work focuses on the role of traumatic brain injury in the development of behaviour and cognitive problems as well as the long-term physical and mental health implications of chronic stress exposure. His work appears in a wide variety of outlets including Criminology, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, Journal of Quantitative Criminology, Justice Quarterly, and Developmental Psychology.