This review looked at the evidence linking carotid atherosclerosis with periodontal disease 15 studies involving 17,330 patients were included. The overall pooled result showed periodontal disease was associated with carotid atherosclerosis, OR=1.27 (95% C; 1.14–1.41; P = 0.001). However, once adjusted for smoking and diabetes mellitus, this reduced to borderline significance OR=1.08 (95% CI; 1.00–1.18; P = 0.05).
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This review looked at the impact of premolar extraction on soft tissue profile in class II division 1 malocclusions. 13 studies were included the majority being retrospective. There is some evidence to suggest an increase in the nasolabial angle but the quality is limited.
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Factors affecting relapse after treatment of class II malocclusion was investigated in this review. Only 17 retrospected studies met the review criteria providing limited evidence to support the influence of factors predictive of sagittal stability following orthodontic treatment.
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This Cochrane review was looking for evidence to assess the the effect of magnification devices on the outcome of endodontic treatment. No trials were identified, so there is no evidence to support or refute the use of magnification to improve clinical outcomes.
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Ten trials were included in this review of arginine in toothpaste. It found that arginine in combination with calcium bases (either Dical or calcium carbonate) and fluoride provided a superior effect compared with fluoride alone. However, 9 out of 10 of the trials were sponsored by a single company and the overall quality of the evidence was considered to be low.
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This review looked at the efficacy of fixed and removable functional appliances for the treatment of class II malocclusion. Just 4 trials were identified 2 of which were randomised. Limited evidence found fixed and removable functional appliances are effective in reducing overjet in children but there is little evidence to differentiate the approaches.
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12 trials were included in this Cochrane review of molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapies as adjuncts to standard treatments for oral cancer. Moderate evidence was found that standard therapy plus epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody (EGFR mAb) reduced mortality and locoregional failures.
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There is growing interest in patient safety in health care. This review sought to identify any dental research in this area, only a small number of studies were identified demonstrating the need for further research
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Dominic Hurst looks at the recent Cochrane review of interventions to help smokeless tobacco (ST) users quit. ST use is linked to oral cancer, precancer and periodontal disease, so dentists have an important role in encouraging users to quit.
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This diagnostic review compared two computer aided adjunctive tests for oral cancer. Oral CDX and DNA-image cytometry. The results suggest that DNA-image cytometry has a highly significant potential over OralCDx brush biopsy as an accurate and simple diagnostic tool for clinically suspected oral precancer and oral cancer.
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