Recognising that self injurious behaviour in people with profound and multiple disabilities usually has important negative consequences for people concerned, this meta-analysis set out to examine the effectiveness of the treatments currently being offered. The authors looked at single-case studies which investigated non-aversive, non-intrusive forms of reinforcement, combining these using hierarchical linear models. They discovered [read the full story…]
The effects of deinstitutionalisation on adaptive behaviour outcomes in people with learning disabilities were examined in this meta analysis of 23 studies. The authors compared the studies using standardised mean effect sizes across 5 demographic, 4 methodological, and 1 outcome variable. The analysis found moderate habilitative gains in 75% of adaptive behaviour domains. Larger effect [read the full story…]
A new Californian meta-analysis shows that childhood ADHD increases the risk of smoking in adolescence and alcohol use in young adulthood. The review examined the association of childhood ADHD with substance use (nicotine, alcohol, marijuana) and abuse/dependence outcomes (nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine) by conducting a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies that prospectively followed children with and without [read the full story…]
